pernicious

What does “pernicious” mean?

adjective.having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.

SAT Usage

this term often appears in passages discussing social issues, health, or environmental concerns, highlighting the subtle and insidious nature of harmful influences. It emphasizes not just harm, but the often unnoticed and gradual way in which negative effects can accumulate, distinguishing it from more overtly aggressive terms like "detrimental."

Common Confusions

Pernicious implies a harmful effect that is subtle and insidious, while malignant usually suggests a more aggressive and overt type of harm or danger.

Example Sentences

• Social isolation can have pernicious effects on mental health.

• The pernicious consequences were difficult to predict.

Word Parts: How to Remember “pernicious”

Break “pernicious” into its parts: per- (through, thoroughly) + -noc- (harm, hurt). Knowing roots like these helps you decode unfamiliar SAT vocabulary.

• Prefix: per- through, thoroughly (Latin)
• Root: -noc- harm, hurt (Latin)